Takaitaccen Tarihin Fitar Da Zuba Jari

A yau a cikin wannan labarin muna ƙoƙarin gabatar da taƙaitaccen tarihi game datsarin simintin zuba jari. A matsayin tsohuwar hanyar simintin gyare-gyare amma sabbin hanyoyin yin simintin gyare-gyare, ƙaddamar da zuba jari ya haɓaka yayin da sabuwar fasaha ta taso daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Godiya ga ci gaban fasahar zamani, kayan aikin simintin gyare-gyare da injuna, har ma da mahimmancin hanya kusan iri ɗaya ne kamar yadda aka yi amfani da shi shekaru dubbai da suka gabata, simintin saka hannun jari ya zama na zamani sosai kuma simintin gyare-gyaren yana da mafi kyawun shimfidar ƙasa da juriya mai ƙarfi a ingantaccen samarwa. .

Tarihin simintin gyare-gyaren da aka rasa ya samo asali ne tun dubban shekaru. An fara amfani da shi don gumaka, kayan ado da kayan adon, ta yin amfani da ƙudan zuma na halitta don alamu, yumbu don gyare-gyare da ƙwanƙwasa da hannu don kunna murhun wuta. An samo misalai a duk faɗin duniya a cikin wayewar Harappan ta Indiya (2500-2000 BC) gumaka, kaburburan Masar na Tutankhamun (1333-1324 BC), Mesopotamiya, Aztec da Mayan Mexico, da wayewar Benin a Afirka inda tsarin ya samar da cikakken zane-zane na zane-zane. tagulla, tagulla da zinariya.

Rubutun farko da aka sani da ke bayyana tsarin simintin saka hannun jari ( Schedula Diversarum Artium) an rubuta shi a kusan 1100 AD ta Theophilus Presbyter, wani zufa wanda ya bayyana hanyoyin masana'antu daban-daban, gami da girke-girke na takarda. An yi amfani da wannan littafi ta hanyar sculptor kuma maƙerin zinari Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571), wanda ya yi cikakken bayani a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa game da tsarin zuba jari da ya yi amfani da shi ga Perseus tare da Shugaban sassaka na Medusa wanda ke tsaye a Loggia dei Lanzi a Florence, Italiya.

An fara amfani da simintin saka hannun jari a matsayin tsarin masana'antu na zamani a ƙarshen karni na 19, lokacin da likitocin haƙori suka fara amfani da shi don yin rawani da inlays, kamar yadda Dr. D. Philbrook na Council Bluffs, Iowa ya bayyana a 1897. Amfani da shi ya haɓaka ta Dr. William H. Taggart na Chicago, wanda takardarsa ta 1907 ta bayyana ci gabansa na fasaha. Ya kuma ƙirƙiro wani tsari na kakin zuma na kyawawan kaddarorin, ya ƙera kayan saka hannun jari, kuma ya ƙirƙiro na'ura mai ɗaukar iska.

A cikin 1940s, musamman yakin duniya na biyu ya karu da bukatar madaidaicin masana'antar siffa ta yanar gizo da na'urori na musamman waɗanda ba za a iya siffa su ta hanyar tsarin simintin gargajiya na gargajiya ba, ko kuma ana buƙatar mashin ɗin da yawa. Masana'antu sun juya zuwa zuba jari. Bayan yakin, aikin simintin kakin zuma da ya ɓace ya bazu zuwa aikace-aikacen kasuwanci da masana'antu da yawa waɗanda suka yi amfani da ɓangarorin ƙarfe masu sarƙaƙiya kuma suka yi ƙarfi a masana'antar bindigogi ta hanyar amfani da sabuwar fasaha don rage aikin injina.

Dabarun simintin saka hannun jari na zamani (ɓataccen simintin kakin zuma) ya samo asali ne daga haɓakawa a cikin Burtaniya na tsarin harsashi ta amfani da tsarin kakin zuma wanda aka sani da tsarin saka hannun jari X. Wannan hanyar ta warware matsalar cire kakin zuma ta hanyar lulluɓe da busasshiyar harsashi a cikin injin daskarewa. Tururi ya ratsa harsashi don ya narke da narka kakin zuma. An samo wannan tsari tsawon shekaru zuwa tsarin narkar da budurcin kakin zuma a cikin tanderu ko tanderu.