Ma'anarsa
Thezafi maganitsari na karfe yana nufin ƙayyadaddun tsarin dumama, rufi da sanyaya sigogi na karfe a lokacin jiyya na zafi, wanda aka tsara bisa ga ka'idar canjin tsarin karfe a lokacin dumama da sanyaya.
Rabewa
Dangane da hanyoyin dumama da sanyaya da kuma tsarin daban-daban da kaddarorin da aka samu, ana iya raba tsarin kula da zafi na karfe zuwa:
(1) Maganin zafi na yau da kullun (annealing, normalizing, quenching and tempering)
(2) Maganin zafi na saman (ƙushe saman ƙasa da maganin zafi na sinadarai, da sauransu)
(3) Maganin zafi na musamman (maganin zafi na nakasawa, maganin zafi na filin maganadisu, da sauransu).
Dangane da matsayi da matsayi na maganin zafi a cikin tafiyar matakai na samar da sassa, ana iya raba maganin zafi zuwa:
(1) Maganin zafin farko na farko, musamman annealing, daidaitawa, da dai sauransu.
(2) Maganin zafi na ƙarshe, galibi quenching, tempering, da sauransu.
Annealing da normalizing da karfe
Annealing
Tsarin kula da zafi na dumama karfe tare da tsarin da ya karkata daga yanayin daidaito zuwa yanayin da ya dace,
rufe shi na wani ɗan lokaci, sannan a sanyaya shi a hankali don samun tsari kusa da yanayin ma'auni ana kiransa annealing.
Manufar
Cire lu'ulu'u masu ƙima da lu'ulu'u masu daidaitawa, tace hatsi, rage taurin, haɓaka aikin yankewa, da sanya tsarin ya zama iri ɗaya.
Rabewa
Akwai nau'o'in tafiyar matakai na gyaran ƙarfe da yawa, waɗanda za a iya raba su zuwa kashi biyu bisa ga zafin jiki na dumama:
1. Sake gyaran fuska na sake sake fasalin lokaci, gami da cikar annashuwa, rashin cikawa.
spheroidizing annealing da yaduwa annealing.
2. Annealing ƙasa da matsananciyar zafin jiki, gami da recrystallization annealing da damuwa damuwa annealing.
Ana iya ɗaukar daidaitawa azaman nau'i na musamman na annealing, kuma hanyar sanyaya shine sanyaya iska.
1 Cikakken annealing
Cikakkun annealing tsari ne na maganin zafi wanda ke ɗaukar ƙarfe zuwa 30-50 ℃ sama da zafin AC3, yana kiyaye zafin jiki na ɗan lokaci kaɗan, ya sa tsarin ya inganta gaba ɗaya, sannan a hankali kwantar da shi tare da tanderun don samun tsarin kula da zafi kusa da tsarin daidaito.
Manufar ita ce don tsaftace hatsi, sanya tsarin daidaitaccen tsari, kawar da damuwa na ciki da lahani na aiki mai zafi, rage taurin, da inganta aikin yankewa da aikin nakasar filastik mai sanyi.
Tsarin yana yin recrystallization, yana mai da hatsi mai tsabta, tsarin daidaitaccen tsari, kuma an kawar da tsarin Widmanstätten da tsarin banded. Don kayan ƙirƙira da sassan jujjuyawar, an shirya cikakken annealing bayan aikin aikin yana da zafi ƙirƙira da zafi birgima, da kuma kafin yankan: ga welded sassa ko simintin gyaran kafa, shi ne kullum shirya bayan waldi da zuba (ko bayan yaduwa annealing).
Zafin zafi da lokacin zafin jiki gabaɗaya 20-30 ℃ sama da Ac3. Annealing rike lokaci dogara ba kawai a kan lokacin da ake bukata domin workpiece ya ƙone ta (wato, da core na workpiece kai da ake bukata zazzabi), amma kuma a kan lokacin da ake bukata domin tsarin canji. Cikakken lokacin riƙewa yana da alaƙa da nau'in sinadarai na ƙarfe, siffar da girman kayan aiki, nau'in kayan aikin dumama, adadin wutar lantarki da kuma hanyar ɗaukar nauyi. Yawancin lokaci ana ƙididdige lokacin dumama bisa ga kauri mai tasiri na workpiece.
Hanyar sanyaya Tanderu sanyaya,carbon karfe simintin gyaran kafa<200 ℃/h, lowgami karfe simintin gyaran kafa<100 ℃/h, babban gami karfe <50 ℃/h. Zafin tanderu <600 ℃.
Ƙungiya:Lamellar pearlite
Tsarin cirewar simintin ƙarfe na carbon karfe da taurin bayan annealing
| Abun Carbon (%) | Zazzabi mai zafi | adana zafi | Hanyar sanyaya | Hardness (HB) | |
| Kaurin bangon simintin gyaran kafa / mm | lokaci / awa (s) | ||||
| 0.10-0.20 | 910-880 | 30 | 1 | Tanderun yana sanyaya zuwa 620 ℃ -- sanyaya iska | 115-143 |
| 0.20-0.30 | 880-850 | 30 | 1 | Tanderun yana sanyaya zuwa 620 ℃ -- sanyaya iska | 133-156 |
| 0.30-0.40 | 850-820 | ：30 | Kowane 30 mm karuwa, ƙara 1 hour | Tanderun yana sanyaya zuwa 620 ℃ -- sanyaya iska | 143-178 |
| 0.40-0.50 | 820-800 | ：30 | Kowane 30 mm karuwa, ƙara 1 hour | Tanderun yana sanyaya zuwa 620 ℃ -- sanyaya iska | 156-217 |
| 0.50-0.60 | 800-780 | ：30 | Kowane 30 mm karuwa, ƙara 1 hour | Tanderun yana sanyaya zuwa 620 ℃ -- sanyaya iska | 187-230 |
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-13-2024