Karfe yana nufin karfen da aka yi amfani da shi don kerawa simintin karfe. Yakamata ayi amfani da karafa yayin da ƙarfin simintin ya yi yawa kuma amfani da baƙin ƙarfe ba zai iya biyan buƙatun ba. Duk da haka, narkakken narkakken karfe na karafa ba shi da kyau kamar na baƙin ƙarfe, don haka kaurin tsarin zuban bai kamata ya zama ƙarami ba kuma siffar ba za ta kasance mai rikitarwa ba. Lokacin da ake sarrafa abun ciki na siliki a iyakar ta sama, za a iya inganta ruwan narkakken ƙarfe.
Za'a iya raba karafa a jujjuya karfen karfe da kuma jefa karbon karafa gwargwadon yadda yake da sinadarai, sannan kuma za'a iya raba shi cikin karafan kayan aikin da aka sanya, karfe na musamman, injiniyanci da kuma tsarin gyare-gyare da kuma hada gami da karafa bisa ga halayensa.
Ta hanyar hada sinadarai
1. carbonarfe baƙin ƙarfe. Ara ƙarfe tare da carbon azaman babban abin haɗa allo da ƙananan adadin sauran abubuwa. Za a iya raba simintin ƙarfe ƙarfe zuwa ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, ƙarfe matsakaiciyar ƙarfe da jefa ƙananan carbon. Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe ba su da ƙasa da 0.25%, yawan carbon ɗin na carbon carbon ƙarfe yana tsakanin 0.25% da 0.60%, da kuma carbon ɗin da ke cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfe tsakanin 0.6% da 3.0%. Thearfi da taurin ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar abun cikin carbon. Cast carbon karfe yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa: ƙananan ƙimar samarwa, ƙarfi mafi girma, mafi ƙarancin ƙarfi da filastik mafi girma. Ana iya amfani da simintin ƙarfe da aka ƙera don ƙirƙirar sassan da ke ɗauke da kaya masu nauyi, kamar ƙwanƙolin karafa na ƙarfe da kwandon jirgi na lantarki a manyan injuna. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙera sassa waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin manyan ƙarfi da tasiri, kamar ƙafafun, maɗaurai, masu ƙarfafawa da kuma sassan gefen kan motocin jirgin ƙasa.
2. Fitar gami da gami. Fitar gami karfe za a iya raba cikin jefa low gami karfe (jimlar gami abubuwa ne kasa da ko daidai da 5%), jefa gami karfe (jimlar gami abubuwa ne 5% to 10%) da kuma jefa high gami karfe (jimlar allurai abubuwa sun fi girma ko daidaita 10%).
Ta hanyar amfani da halaye
1. Gyare kayan aikin karfe. Za a iya raba ƙarfe kayan aikin baƙin ƙarfe zuwa ƙarfe da kayan aikin simintin gyare-gyare.
2. Fitar karfe na musamman. Za a iya raba simintin gyare-gyare na ƙarfe na musamman zuwa baƙin ƙarfe, baƙin ƙarfe mai juriya mai ɗumi, jifa mai jure zafin ƙarfe, gami da keɓaɓɓen nau'in niyel, da sauransu
3. Fitar karfe don aikin injiniya da tsari. Za a iya raba simintin karfe don aikin injiniya da tsari zuwa ƙananan ƙarfe tsarin ƙera ƙarfe da ƙananan ƙarfe.
4. Fitar gami na karfe. Yana za a iya raba cikin jefa low gami karfe, jefa matsakaici gami karfe da kuma jefa babban gami karfe.
304 da 316 baƙin ƙarfe sune baƙin ƙarfe da aka fi amfani dashi a karafan tushe. Dukansu biyun ƙarfe ne na jan ƙarfe, waɗanda ba magnetic ba ko kuma ƙarfin maganadisu. 430, 403, da 410 sune austenitic-ferritic bakin karfe tare da abubuwan maganadisu.
A cikin samar da simintin gyaran karfe, narkakkar karafan karfe babbar hanya ce. Kafin kowane zubewa, ana buƙatar yin bincike kafin wutar makera. Yawan kowane sashin sinadarai dole ne ya cika buƙatun kwastomomi da aikace-aikace masu amfani.
Domin kara saurin narkewa da tabbatar da ingancin 'yan wasa, ana amfani da ingots mai dauke da kayan aikin kere kere kasashen waje. Koyaya, a cikin asalin ƙasar Sin, kayan ƙarfe da ake amfani da su don narkewa sun kasu kashi biyu: kayan da aka sake yin amfani da su da kuma sababbi. Abun da aka sake yin fa'ida yana nufin zubewa da kuma riser tsarin yin simintin gyare-gyare, da dusar da sauransu, da dai sauransu. , ko kuma abin da aka sake amfani da shi ya kamata a narke shi kuma a zuba shi a cikin ingots don amfani.
Sabbin kayan aiki sune ingots da wasu nau'ikan sandunan karfe ko kuma tarkace suka yi, kazalika da kayan da ake amfani dasu yau da kullun da kayan karafa. Ana buƙatar nazarin sandunan ƙarfe da ƙananan abubuwa na wasu maki don haɗuwa da haɗuwa da ƙa'idodi, kuma girman sandunan yana buƙatar yayi daidai da girman wutar makera ta lantarki da maɗaure.
▶ Kayan Kayan ofarfe na Steelarfe kamar yadda yake a daidaitacce ko keɓaɓɓiyar kayan aikin haɗi da ƙirar inji.
• Karfe Carbon: AISI 1020 - AISI 1060,
• Karfe Alloys: ZG20SiMn, ZG30SiMn, ZG30CrMo, ZG35CrMo, ZG35SiMn, ZG35CrMnSi, ZG40Mn, ZG40Cr, ZG42Cr, ZG42CrMo ... da dai sauransu akan buƙata.
• Bakin Karfe: AISI 304, AISI 304L, AISI 316, AISI 316L, 1.4404, 1.4301 da sauran darajar karafa.
▶ abilitiesarfin Sand ofan yashi wanda aka sarrafa shi da hannu:
• Girman Girma: 1,500 mm × 1000 mm × 500 mm
• Girman Nauyin: 0.5 kg - 500 kg
• Karfin Shekaru: Tan 5,000 - tan 6,000
• Haƙuri: Akan Neman.
Abubuwan ofarƙan Sandaura ta Machinananan Molding Machines:
• Girman Max: 1,000 mm × 800 mm × 500 mm
• Girman Nauyin: 0.5 kg - 500 kg
• acarfin Shekara-shekara: Tan 8,000 - Tan 10,000
• Haƙuri: Akan Neman.
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Jefa Carbon Karfe
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| A'a | China | Japan | Amurka | ISO | Jamus | Faransa | Rasha гост | Biritaniya | ||
| GB | JIS | ASTM | UNS | DIN | W-Nr. | NF | BS | |||
| 1 | ZG200-400 (ZG15) | SC410 (SC42) | 415-205 (60-30) | J03000 | 200-400 | GS-38 | 1.0416 | - | 15л | - |
| 2 | ZG230-450 (ZG25) | SC450 (SC46) | 450-240 965-35) | J03101 | 230-450 | GS-45 | 1.0446 | GE230 | 25л | A1 |
| 3 | ZG270-500 (ZG35) | SC480 (SC49) | 485-275 (70-40) | J02501 | 270-480 | GS-52 | 1.0552 | GE280 | 35л | A2 |
| 4 | ZG310-570 (ZG45) | SCC5 | (80-40) | J05002 | - | GS-60 | 1.0558 | GE320 | 45л | - |
| 5 | ZG340-640 (ZG55) | - | - | J05000 | 340-550 | - | - | GE370 | - | A5 |
