Wurin da ake shaye-shaye yana da alaƙa da toshewar injin silinda, kuma yana tattara sharar kowane Silinda kuma ya jagorance shi cikin babban bututun da ke da bututu daban-daban. Babban abin da ake buƙata don shi shine rage juriya na shaye-shaye da kauce wa tsangwama tsakanin silinda. Lokacin da shaye-shayen ya yi yawa, za a sami tsangwama tsakanin silinda, wato, lokacin da silinda ya ƙare, sai kawai ya buge iskar gas ɗin da bai gama ƙarewa ba daga sauran silinda. Ta wannan hanyar, juriya na shaye-shaye zai ƙaru, ta yadda za a rage ƙarfin fitarwa na injin. Maganin wannan matsala shi ne, a ware shaye-shaye na kowane Silinda gwargwadon iko, da reshe ɗaya na kowane Silinda, ko kuma reshe ɗaya na silinda guda biyu, sannan a sanya kowane reshe muddin zai yiwu kuma a yi shi da kansa don rage tasirin iskar gas. a cikin bututu daban-daban.
Ya kamata a yi la'akari da yawan ƙarfin injin, aikin tattalin arzikin man fetur, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun iska, farashin injin, daidaitaccen shimfidar gidan gaban abin hawa da filin zafin jiki, da dai sauransu. bakin karfe manifolds dangane da kayan. Daga tsarin masana'antu, ana samun nau'in shaye-shaye ta hanyar yin simintin, musamman ta hanyarrasa simintin gyaran kafasaboda hadadden tsarinsu.
Abubuwan buƙatu don manifolds na shaye-shaye
1. Kyakkyawan juriya mai zafi mai zafi
Maɓallin shaye-shaye yana aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi na dogon lokaci. Rashin juriya na iskar shaka na abu a ƙarƙashin babban zafin jiki kai tsaye yana rinjayar rayuwar sabis na yawan shaye-shaye. Iron simintin gyare-gyare na yau da kullun ba zai iya biyan buƙatun ba, kuma ana buƙatar ƙara abubuwan gami a cikin kayan don haɓaka juriya na iskar oxygen mai zafi na kayan.
2. Stable microstructure
A cikin kewayon daga zafin daki zuwa zafin aiki, kayan kada su sha canjin lokaci ko rage canjin lokaci gwargwadon yiwuwa. Saboda canjin lokaci zai haifar da canje-canjen ƙara, damuwa na ciki ko nakasawa, yana shafar aiki da rayuwar samfurin. Sabili da haka, kayan matrix ya fi dacewa da ingantaccen tsarin ferrite ko austenite. Siffar lalata sassa na simintin ƙarfe da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin jiki yana bayyana musamman azaman lalata ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai girma. Bayan abubuwan da ke cikin ƙungiyar sun kasance oxidized (kamar graphite carbon), ƙarar oxide ya fi girma na asali, yana haifar da haɓakar simintin gyare-gyaren da ba za a iya jurewa ba. Idan aka kwatanta da nau'ikan graphite guda uku na flake, tsutsotsi da mai siffa, simintin ƙarfe tare da zane mai faɗi yana da mafi kyawun juriya na zafin jiki. Dalilin shi ne cewa a lokacin ƙarfafa tsarin simintin ƙarfe, graphite flake yana girma a matsayin babban lokaci. A ƙarshen eutectic solidification, graphite a kowace ƙungiyar eutectic yana samar da nau'i mai girma mai girma uku mai ci gaba. A babban zafin jiki, lokacin da iskar oxygen ta mamaye karfe, graphite yana da iskar oxygen don samar da tashar microscopic, wanda ke hanzarta aiwatar da iskar oxygen. Lokacin da graphite graphite nucleates, yana girma zuwa wani girman girman shi kaɗai kuma matrix yana kewaye dashi. Ya wanzu azaman keɓewar ƙwallon. Bayan da graphite ball ne oxidized, babu tashar da aka kafa, don haka raunana da kara hadawan abu da iskar shaka. Saboda haka, yawan zafin jiki na oxidation na ductile baƙin ƙarfe ya fi na sauran nau'o'in graphite, kuma ramukan oxidized ba su da tasiri a kan ƙarfin zafin jiki na simintin ƙarfe fiye da sauran nau'ikan graphite. Vermicular graphite yana tsakanin su biyun.
3. Smallaramin haɓaka haɓaka haɓakar thermal
Ƙaramin haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar thermal yana da amfani don rage yawan damuwa na thermal da nakasar zafi na yawan shaye-shaye, kuma yana da kyau don haɓaka aiki da rayuwar sabis na samfur.
4. Kyakkyawan ƙarfin zafin jiki mai girma
Dole ne ya dace da mahimman buƙatun ƙarfin samfurin lokacin amfani da shi a babban yanayin zafi.
5. Kyakkyawan tsarin aiki da ƙananan farashi
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan ƙarfe masu jure zafi da zafin jiki mai ƙarfi, amma saboda sarƙaƙƙiyar nau'in nau'in shaye-shaye, kayan da ake amfani da su don kera kayan aikin dole ne su sami kyakkyawan aiki na tsari, kuma dole ne farashinsa ya dace da bukatun taro. samarwa a cikin masana'antar kera motoci.
